- What is ustekinumab, and how does it work (mechanism of action)?
- What are the side effects of ustekinumab?
- What is the dosage for ustekinumab?
- Which drugs or supplements interact with ustekinumab?
- Is ustekinumab safe to take if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
- What else should I know about ustekinumab?
What is ustekinumab, and how does it work (mechanism of action)?
Ustekinumab is an injectable biologic drug that suppresses the immune system and is used for the treatment of psoriasis. It is an antibody that binds to interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-23, two chemicals produced by cells in the body that stimulate immune reactions. Scientists believe that psoriasis is caused by an increase in the production of T-lymphocytes in response to the attachment of a stimulant, such as interleukin, to the lymphocyte. Stimulated T-lymphocytes cause skin cells to grow rapidly, and the rapid growth of the skin cells produces the skin plaques of psoriasis. Ustekinumab reduces symptoms of psoriasis (inflammation and excessive production of skin cells) by attaching to IL-12 and IL-23, preventing them from binding and activating T-lymphocytes. In scientific studies, 59% to 73% of patients received an assessment of cleared or minimal psoriasis after 12 weeks of treatment. Ustekinumab was approved by the FDA in September 2009.
What brand names are available for ustekinumab?
Stelara
Is ustekinumab available as a generic drug?
No
Do I need a prescription for ustekinumab?
Yes
What are the side effects of ustekinumab?
The most common side effects of ustekinumab are:
Ustekinumab may reduce the ability the immune system to fight infections, increasing the risk of infections such as tuberculosis (TB), and infections caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses. Ustekinumab also may increase the risk of certain types of cancer and cause posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS). RPLS is a rare condition that affects the brain and can cause death. The cause is unknown but if detected early and treated, most people recover. Symptoms may include headache, seizures, confusion, and vision problems.
What is the dosage for ustekinumab?
Ustekinumab is injected under the skin.
- Patients weighing <100 kg (220 lbs) should receive 45 mg initially, 45 mg 4 weeks later then 45 mg every 12 weeks.
- Patients weighing >100 kg (220 lbs) should receive 90 mg initially, 90 mg 4 weeks later then 90 mg every 12 weeks.
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QUESTION
Psoriasis causes the top layer of skin cells to become inflamed and grow too quickly and flake off. See AnswerWhich drugs or supplements interact with ustekinumab?
Drug interaction studies have not been conducted with ustekinumab; however, since ustekinumab suppresses the immune system, it should not be used with other drugs that also suppress the immune system.
Live vaccines should not be administered to patients treated with ustekinumab because they may develop active disease from the live viruses contained in the vaccine because of their weakened immune system. Vaccine containing killed virus may not generate an adequate immune response because ustekinumab suppresses the immune system.
Is ustekinumab safe to take if I'm pregnant or breastfeeding?
Use of ustekinumab during pregnancy has not been evaluated.
Use of ustekinumab by nursing mothers has not been adequately evaluated. Other proteins similar to ustekinumab are excreted in human milk. Therefore, ustekinumab may be excreted in human milk.
What else should I know about ustekinumab?
What preparations of ustekinumab are available?
Single use vials: 45 mg/0.5 ml and 90 mg /1 ml.
How should I keep ustekinumab stored?
Ustekinumab should be refrigerated between 2 C and 8 C (36 F and 46 F). It should not be frozen and should be kept in its original carton to protect it from light until the time of administration.
Summary
Ustekinumab (Stelara) is a medication prescribed for the treatment of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis in adult patients over the age of 18 years. Candidates for ustekinumab (Stelara) are patients able to tolerate phototherapy or medications that are absorbed into the blood stream. Side effects, warnings and precautions, drug interactions, and pregnancy safety information should be reviewed prior to taking any medication.
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Related Disease Conditions
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Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a long-term skin condition that may cause large plaques of red, raised skin, flakes of dry skin, and skin scales. There are several types of psoriasis, including psoriasis vulgaris, guttate psoriasis, inverse psoriasis, and pustular psoriasis. Symptoms vary depending on the type of psoriasis the patient has. Treatment of psoriasis may include creams, lotions, oral medications, injections and infusions of biologics, and light therapy. There is no cure for psoriasis.
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Psoriatic Arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis is a disease that causes skin and joint inflammation. Symptoms and signs include painful, stiff, and swollen joints, tendinitis, and organ inflammation. Treatment involves anti-inflammatory medications and exercise.
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Scalp Psoriasis (Psoriasis of the Scalp)
Scalp psoriasis causes red, raised, scaly patches that may extend from the scalp to the forehead and the back of the neck and ears. Symptoms and signs include itching, hair loss, flaking, silvery scales, and red plaques. Treatment includes topical medicated shampoos, creams, gels, oils, ointments, and soaps, medications, and light therapy.
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